... so the chemical action of the coagulant is completed during the fast mixing phase (fixed at 1 min) when micro-flocs are formed. Because of this, the sedimentation step is usually preceded by a chemical process known as coagulation. A flocculation process was then conducted for 60 min by slow stirring at 50 rpm with simultaneous addition of polyacrylamide (10–30 mg/dm3). BinAhmed, S., Ayoub, G., Al-Hindi, M. and Azizi, F. (2014) The Effect of Fast Mixing Conditions on the Coagulation-Flocculation Process of Highly Turbid Suspensions Using Liquid Bittern Coagulant. Water supply system - Water supply system - Coagulation and flocculation: Suspended particles cannot be removed completely by plain settling. Rapid mix each jar at 100 to 150 rpm for 1 minute. Subsequently after the second phase, sedimentation phase was carried out in 60 min. Large, heavy particles settle out readily, but smaller and lighter particles settle very slowly or in some cases do not settle at all. Recent experimental results have suggested that the mixing effect may depend strongly on the stoichiometry of the reactions. The rapid-mixing characteristics of a flocculation basin are investigated using high-performance computational models Rapid Mixing The rapid-mixing characteristics of a flocculation basin are This phase allowed the particles to be destabilized. Coagulation is an essential component in water treatment operations. Chemicals are injected just before the first mixing impeller and baffles throughout the basin to minimize short-circuiting. The experimental conditions included the initial fast mixing phase (with 200 rpm speed), after the addition of the coagulation reagent. Controlled by the rate of collisions between particles and the effectiveness promoting attachment. Evaluation and optimization of the coagulation/rapid mixing step of the water treatment process includes a variety of aspects. During the process of flocculation the water is mixed and agitated at a specific rate to encourage the most collisions between the particles as possible. and Masion et al. a rapid mixing basin. This effect can be interpreted using the results from Vilgé-Ritter et al. Coagulation and floculation describe the chemical process of contact and adhesion whereby the particles of a dispersion (colloids) form larger-size cluster (flocs or flakes) allowing them to be more easely removed from water (e.g. Good mixing is desirable for several reasons, including side-reactions or byproduct formation, improving mass transfer in multi-phase systems, or ensuring fast heat transfer. In addition to the mixing, the amount of … Optimisation of the coagulation–flocculation process of raw water by optimal design method. For all fast mixing times, 120 rpm caused the formation of largest flocs. The experimental process consisted in three subsequent phases [14]: Flash mixing started at 150 rpm for 5 min with addition of various doses of ferric chloride (0.2–1 g/dm3). The rapid mix helps to disperse the coagulant throughout each container Reduce the stirring speed to 25 to 30 rpm and continue mixing for 15 to 20 mins This slower mixing speed helps promote floc formation … The yield of desired product from these coupled reactions depends on how fast the reactants are brought together. by settling). solution. Rapid/Flash Mix typically occurs in a tank Mixing velocity 5 – 7 fps Coagulant and aids added in first chamber Flocculation Process A slow stirring process that causes the gathering together of small particles into larger settleable ones. Fast mixing time had a clear effect on the flocs resistance to applied shear during the slow mixing phase. floc, and the process of encouraging the formation of flocs is called flocculation. Desalination and Water Treatment, 53, 3388-3396. 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